Miokin yang Diinduksi Olahraga dan Adaptasi Metabolik: Sistematik Literatur Review
Keywords:
Latihan, Miokin, Adaptasi metabolikAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis bukti mengenai efek latihan fisik terhadap respons miokin dan hubungannya dengan adaptasi metabolik. Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan di basis data PubMed untuk artikel yang diterbitkan antara Januari 2016 hingga Mei 2026. Studi yang memenuhi syarat meliputi Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), Clinical Trial, dan Quasi-experimental study yang melibatkan partisipan manusia, intervensi latihan atau rehabilitasi, penilaian miokin spesifik, dan hasil metabolik. Seleksi studi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak Rayyan. setelah tahap identifikasi, penyaringan, dan penilaian teks lengkap, data dirangkum dalam tabel sintesis. Hasil: Dua belas studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa intervensi latihan memodulasi beberapa miokin, khususnya IL-6, irisin, myostatin, dan Klotho. Perubahan ini dikaitkan dengan peningkatan parameter metabolik, termasuk sensitivitas insulin, regulasi glukosa, komposisi tubuh, kapasitas aerobik, fungsi mitokondria, dan kesehatan kardiovaskular. Beberapa penelitian juga melaporkan penurunan biomarker inflamasi dan perbaikan indeks sindrom metabolik dan jalur metabolisme neuroprotektif. Kesimpulan: Olahraga fisik menginduksi perubahan yang menguntungkan pada profil miokin yang berkontribusi pada adaptasi metabolik di berbagai populasi.
References
Amaro-gahete, F. J., De-la-o, A., Jurado-fasoli, L., Espuch-oliver, A., Robles-gonzalez, L., Navarro-lomas, G., Haro, T. De, Femia, P., Castillo, M. J., & Gutierrez, A. (2018). Exercise training as S-Klotho protein stimulator in sedentary healthy adults?: Rationale , design , and methodology. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, 11(May), 10–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conctc.2018.05.013
Batitucci, G., Fernanda, C., Brandao, C., Giolo, F., Carvalho, D., Sergio, J., Pfrimer, K., Ferrioli, E., Queiroz, F., Papoti, M., Ivone, S., Morhy, B., Varella, M., Junqueira-franco, M., Sanchez, A., Cristini, E., & Freitas, D. (2019). Cytokine Taurine supplementation increases irisin levels after high intensity physical training in obese women. Cytokine, 123(June), 154741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154741
Charlotte, M., Severinsen, K., & Pedersen, B. K. (n.d.). Muscle–Organ Crosstalk: The Emerging Roles of Miokins. 594–609. https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnaa016
Correa-ghisays, P., Balanz, V., Victor, V. M., Tom, P., Crespo-facorro, B., Corral-m, R., & Tabar, R. (2024). Exercise as a promoter of neurocognitive improvement in people with psychiatric disorders and comorbid obesity?: A randomized controlled trial Constanza San-Martín Valenzuela. 342(September). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116226
Gu, H., Albrecht, E., Deng, Z., & Maak, S. (2026). Metabolism Key hormones for the control of muscle mass?: Miokins. xxxx. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2026.102115
Hoekstra, S. P., Bishop, N. C., Faulkner, S. H., Bailey, S. J., & Leicht, C. A. (2018). Acute and chronic effects of hot water immersion on inflammation and metabolism in sedentary , overweight adults. 66, 2008–2018. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00407.2018
Pedersen BK, Febbraio MA. Muscle as an endocrine organ: focus on muscle-derived interleukin-6. Physiol Rev. 2008 Oct;88(4):1379-406. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.90100.2007.
Jalil, Y., Damiani, L. F., García-valdés, P., Basoalto, R., Gallastegui, J., & Gutierrez-arias, R. (2025). Miokin Secretion Dynamics and Their Role in Critically Ill Patients?: A Scoping Review. 1–22.
Jeong, D., & Valentine, R. J. (2026). Combined resistance exercise and essential amino acid intake enhance follistatin / myostatin ratio and muscle fitness in older women?: a randomized controlled trial. 23(1), 1–17.
Karolkiewicz, J., Krzywicka, M., Szuli, M., Musialik, K., Musia, D., Zieli, J., Bilska, A., & Ratajczak, M. (2024). Effects of a Circuit Training Program on Miokin Levels in Insulin-Resistant Women?: A Randomised Controlled Trial. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/6624919
Kuznetsov, A. V, Margreiter, R., Hagenbuchner, J., & Ausserlechner, M. J. (2025). Energy metabolism in different skeletal muscles and muscle fibers?: implications for injury and dietary supplementation. Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 1231–1240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-025-03112-5
Lan, T., & Yan, X. (2025). Irisin , the Miokin?: Guardian and Mediator in Cardiovascular System. https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.70097
Langleite, T. M., Lee, S., Holen, T., Hjorth, M., Pourteymour, S., & G, S. W. (2016). Myostatin in relation to physical activity and dysglycaemia and its effect on energy metabolism in human skeletal muscle cells. Thompson 2003, 45–60. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12631
Leblanc, D. R. B., Rioux, B. V, Pelech, C., Moffatt, T. L., & Dustin, E. (2017). Exercise-induced irisin release as a determinant of the metabolic response to exercise training in obese youth?: the EXIT trial. 5, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13539
Mccarthy, O., Tan, A. S. Y., Pitt, J. P., Churm, R., Keay, N., Rees, D. A., & Bracken, R. M. (2022). Passing on the exercise baton?: What can endocrine patients learn from elite athletes?? December 2021, 781–792. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.14683
Middelbeek, R. J. W., Motiani, P., Brandt, N., Nigro, P., Zheng, J., Virtanen, K. A., Kalliokoski, K. K., Hannukainen, J. C., & Goodyear, L. J. (2021). Exercise intensity regulates cytokine and klotho responses in men. Nutrition and Diabetes. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-020-00144-x
Nash, D., Hughes, M. G., Butcher, L., Smith, P., Cullen, T., & Webb, R. (2023). 6 signaling in acute exercise and chronic training?: Potential consequences for health and athletic performance. May 2022, 4–19. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14241
Kwon JH, Moon KM, Min KW. Exercise-Induced Miokins can Explain the Importance of Physical Activity in the Elderly?: An Overview. Healthcare (Basel). 2020 Oct 1;8(4):378. doi: 10.3390/healthcare8040378. PMID: 33019579; PMCID: PMC7712334.
Pedersen, B. K., & Febbraio, M. A. (2008). Muscle as an endocrine organ: Focus on muscle-derived interleukin-6. Physiological Reviews, 88(4), 1379–1406. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.90100.2007
Sciences, H. (2026). M E DI CINE Effects of exercise-induced miokins on rehabilitation and metabolic regulation. 9(3), 846–851. https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1883007
Stugiewicz, M., Tkaczyszyn, M., Kasztura, M., Banasiak, W., Ponikowski, P., & Jankowska, E. A. (n.d.). The influence of iron deficiency on the functioning of skeletal muscles?: experimental evidence and clinical implications Skeletal muscle?: highly specialized. 1–12.
Tomczyk, M., Wi?cek, M. B., Kortas, J. A., Kochanowicz, M., Jost, Z., Fisk, H. L., Calder, P. C., & Antosiewicz, J. (2024). Omega ? 3 fatty acid supplementation affects tryptophan metabolism during a 12 ? week endurance training in amateur runners?: a randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54112-x
Vreijling, S. R., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Verhoeven, J. E., Teunissen, C. E., Blujdea, E. R., Beekman, A. T. F., Lamers, F., & Jansen, R. (2025). Brain Behavior and Immunity Running therapy or antidepressants as treatments for immunometabolic depression in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders?: A secondary analysis of the MOTAR study. Brain Behavior and Immunity, 123(August 2024), 876–883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2024.10.033
Wang, X., Yan, K., Wen, C., & Wang, J. (2022). Simvastatin Combined with Resistance Training Improves Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure by Modulating Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and the Janus Kinase / Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Signaling Pathways. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8430733
Zhao, H., Zhu, H., Yun, H., Liu, J., Song, G., Teng, J., Zou, D., Lu, N., & Liu, C. (2024). Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition Assessment of Urolithin A effects on muscle endurance , strength , inflammation , oxidative stress , and protein metabolism in male athletes with resistance training?: an 8-week randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2024.2419388
