Integration of Entrepreneurship In Sports Coaching Education: Literature Review Of The Sportpreneur Coach Model
Keywords:
Sportpreneur Coach; Entrepreneurship Education; Sports Coaching Education; Sport Entrepreneurship; Coaching CompetenciesAbstract
The rapid development of the sports industry has transformed the role of sports coaches from solely technical instructors into professionals who are also expected to possess entrepreneurial competencies. However, entrepreneurship remains insufficiently integrated into many sports coaching education programs, resulting in limited opportunities for graduates to develop sustainable sport-based enterprises. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the integration of entrepreneurship within sports coaching education and to formulate a conceptual Sportpreneur Coach Model through a literature review approach. This study employed a literature review design by synthesizing articles published between 2015 and 2025 from reputable databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Google Scholar, SINTA, and Garuda. The review process followed systematic screening procedures using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 25 eligible studies were selected and analyzed through thematic content analysis. The findings revealed six major competency domains that constitute the Sportpreneur Coach Model: coaching expertise, entrepreneurial mindset, leadership skills, business literacy, digital competence, and social value creation. Empirical evidence showed that entrepreneurship education positively contributes to entrepreneurial mindset development (92%), innovation capability (88%), opportunity recognition (84%), leadership and management skills (80%), business planning competence (76%), and digital entrepreneurship readiness (72%). These results indicate that entrepreneurial competencies significantly complement traditional coaching competencies. In conclusion, integrating entrepreneurship into sports coaching education provides a strategic framework for developing innovative, adaptive, and economically sustainable sports professionals. The Sportpreneur Coach Model offers a conceptual foundation for curriculum innovation that strengthens graduate employability and supports the growth of the sports industry ecosystem.
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